s: "Fair Ethiopia shall stretch forth her hand,


s: Her sons shall sway the earth long ere they die!"


s: As swift as lightnings with the storm-clouds fly,


s: To light the path celestial feet have trod:


s: So be thy soaring to the realms on high,


s: When mortal feet no more shall tread this sod,


s: And thy holy spirit wings its homeward flight to God!


s: On seeing her December 25th, 1904, after two years' travel.


s: Buoyed up with hope and crushed down by doubt?


s: What is the draught of breath we harp on as life?


s: Naught but a sip of peace, a cup full of strife--


s: What is the place we call our home, "sweet home"?


s: Naught but a span of space where one may roam:


s: Night's pitchy corner; a hard crust of bread;


s: Cot for your feeble limbs, pillow your head--


s: And what is quitting?--Producing a rule:


s: Break short the flight of Dan Cupid's swift dart,


s: Say, what is marrying but getting in trouble?


s: Trifling 'way joy while your sorrow is double?


s: What, then, is your state my friend, after you've wed?


s: Naught but a vial of wrath poured upon your head!


s: Sporting and sleeping--just running his plan?


s: Come when he's ready, and go when he please--


s: Brain's full of joy, his heart is at ease--


s: On Saturday, March 1, 1902, I left Alcorn and went home in


s: order to earn money enough to defray my expenses for the year


s: on father's farm until the last week in June, 1902. I had


s: seen by that time that there was nothing to be realized from


s: I then acted as agent for the "Zion Record," published by


s: until August 20, 1902. Knowing that there was a dormitory to


s: be built for girls at Alcorn, I went there, hoping to get


s: work and to be there when school opened. On arriving, I


s: failed to get employment. I had no money. The Boarding Hall


s: was run by boys who stayed over summer. Finding I was


s: unemployed, they refused to let me take meals with them.


s: There I was--friendless and penniless--without a bite of


s: bread and nowhere to lay my head. To drive the wolf of


s: starvation away and to keep from being devoured, I made


s: arrangements with President Lanier to cut wood for something


s: to eat, until school opened Sept. 2, 1902.


s: When school opened, the Faculty met the first day and


s: distributed the positions to the eligibles. On going down to


s: the Hall to take my first meal, to my surprise I found I had


s: been awarded the position of waiter. To hold a position, or


s: even remain on the Campus, one must matriculate within three


s: days after school starts, if there when it opens, or after he


s: arrives, if not. I then wrote home for the matriculation fee


s: ($13), as I had labored there all summer. As that letter was


s: sealed my destiny was sealed in it. It was one that hauled my


s: anchor of hope; yes, one to bring glad tidings of great joy


s: and crowning success, or the gloom of disastrous failure.


s: Thus, having my hope sealed, I wrote across it "In Haste!"


s: The night of its return was a dark, rainy one. As all sat


s: discussing different events that had transpired since the new


s: session had begun, suddenly a whistle was heard. How our


s: hearts throbbed with gladness as we exclaimed, "There, that's


s: the mail!" Dear reader, you cannot imagine how overjoyed I


s: was. I knew that bag contained a letter for me; so anxious


s: was I to receive it I did not trust anyone, but rushed to the


s: office, and ere long my name was called.


s: I opened it then and there, with an eager look for a green


s: piece of paper styled a "Money Order." I looked, but found it


s: not. All hope vanished; joy faded; and gloom hovered over


s: me--a feeling I never before had, nor since, and I hope never


s: again to have, electrified my body. It was then raining at


s: full headway: the lightnings flashed; the thunders pealed out


s: peal after peal, each succeeding one louder than the first.


s: By this time all had gone to bed but me. I thought thought


s: after thought, prayed prayer after prayer, sent up cry after


s: cry, shed tear after tear. I went to bed, but could not


s: sleep. I then thought of this subject: "O God, Wilt Thou Help


s: Me in School?" After writing it, my feelings were changed,


s: the gloom was dispelled, and 'Smiling Hope' returned with


s: joyous tidings of happiness and a blissful future.


s: For, ship-like, thou art tossed the deep;


s: With thoughts thread-like wound in a spool--


s: And friend so dear must part from friend,


s: And thought my wanderings ne'er should come,


s: Quite real though fairy-like their view,


s: Than Nature's landscape and her streams,


s: I'll bring thee forth some drink and meat,


s: I've felt old Sol's most scorching rays,


s: I mused, 'Hope's yet this side the grave'--


s: A sound soon hushed my heart's rejoice--


s: O'er there, good 'Deak'," the printer said,


s: "Good night!" he said, and we the same--


s: "They placed me here; and this my crime,


s: Though man through life so swiftly wends,


s: Though rough, or smooth, or 'round the bends,


s: Produced by Louise Hope. (This file was produced from


s: images generously made available by The Internet


s: _London  FREDERICK WARNE & CO. LTD.  New York_


s: who cut off their tails with a carving knife,


s: Did you ever see such a sight in your life


s: "They made up their minds to set out to roam"]


s: They made up their minds to set out to roam;


s: Said they, "'Tis dull to remain at home,"


s: And all the luggage they took was a comb,


s: "Good evening, Host, can you give us a bed?"


s: But the Host he grinned and he shook his head;


s: So they all slept out in a field instead,


s: They each had a cold and a swollen face,


s: Through sleeping all night in an open space;


s: So they rose quite early and left the place,


s: That lay by the side of a dried-up well;


s: Who had eaten the nut they could not tell,


s: The Farmer was eating some bread and cheese;


s: So they all went down on their hands and knees,


s: And squeaked, "Pray, give us a morsel, please,"


s: They felt so happy they danced with glee;


s: The Farmer's Wife said, "What are you at,


s: And why were you capering round like that?


s: The mention of "Cat" set their teeth on edge;


s: So they hid themselves in the bramble hedge,


s: It scratched their eyes and made them blind,


s: And soon each Mouse went out of his mind,


s: Who cut off their tails with the carving knife.


s: Did you ever see such a sight in your life


s: They sought a Chemist and found a Friend


s: He gave them some "Never too late to mend,"


s: And their eyes recovered their sight, you know;


s: They looked in the glass and it told them so.


s: But they've learnt a trade and are doing well.


s: _Reduced illustration from "Johnny Crow's Party"_]


s: And all the luggage they took was a comb,


s: Literally Translated into English Prose,


s: The Metamorphoses of Ovid are a compendium of the Mythological


s: connected with the learning, traditions, manners, and customs of


s: To render the work, which, from its nature and design, must, of


s: explanations, the reader will not be surprised at the absence of


s: Halcyone, in the form of her husband, and she is changed into a


s: kingfisher; into which bird Ceyx is also transformed. Persons who


s: follows his fleet. Nisus, being transformed into a sea eagle,


s: In the meantime Minos is laying waste the Lelegeian coasts, and


s: Armenian tigresses, or Charybdis disturbed by the South wind. Nor


s: while blowing, would prevent the return of Cephalus from the


s: either the forces sent by Æacus, or his sons Telamon and Peleus,


s: in command of those troops. It has been well observed, that


s: returning to Athens although Cephalus was.]


s: continuation of the siege by Minos, and how he took Megara by


s: storm, as not pertaining to the developement of his story.]


s: Byzacium, which were known by the name of ‘Syrtis Major’ and


s: ‘Syrtis Minor.’ The inhabitants of the neighbouring coasts were


s: savage and inhospitable, and subsisted by plundering the


s: greater and the less Armenia, the one to the East, the other to


s: the West. Its tigers were noted for their extreme fierceness.]


s: word κείρω, ‘to clip,’ or ‘cut.’ According to Virgil, who, in his


s: lived a solitary life in retired spots. It is uncertain what kind


s: the details of this transformation, because it had been so


s: recently depicted in beautiful language by Virgil. Hyginus says


s: son, Androgeus. Having conquered Nisea, he laid siege to Megara,


s: which was betrayed by the perfidy of Scylla, the daughter of its


s: length, introduced him into the town, by opening the gates to him


s: asleep. This is probably alluded to under the allegorical


s: description of the fatal lock of hair, though why it should be


s: depicted in that form especially, it is difficult to guess. The


s: Zenodotus, that he caused her to be hanged at the mainmast of his


s: Minotaur. The lot falls on Theseus, who, by the assistance of


s: Ariadne, kills the monster, escapes from the labyrinth, which


s: Ariadne. Commentators have complained, with some justice, that


s: Ovid has here omitted the story of Ariadne; but it should be


s: represent Ariadne herself as becoming a Constellation.]


s: Constellation, is represented in the attitude of kneeling, when


s: about to slay the dragon that watched the gardens of the


s: Oppressed with famine, and seeing the enemy at their gates, the


s: satisfaction to Minos. They immediately sent ambassadors to him,


s: humbly suing for peace, which he granted them, on condition that


s: seven young men and as many virgins. The severity of these


s: conditions provoked the Athenians to render Minos as odious as


s: possible; whereupon, they promulgated the story, that he destined


s: Pasiphaë with a white bull which Neptune had sent out of the sea.


s: Plutarch, and other writers acknowledge that these stories were


s: Athenians, who became his slaves, with great barbarity. Aristotle


s: says that Theseus fought in a cavern, where the son of Taurus had


s: Siculus says that the lot fell on him to be of the number. His


s: labyrinth, which he himself had designed. The story of Ariadne’s


s: supports him in his fall, and transforms him into a partridge.


s: honey; when the boy began to be pleased with a bolder flight, and


s: exiled for murdering one of his scholars in a fit of jealousy;


s: probably Perdix, his nephew, whose story is related by Ovid.]


s: Caria in Asia Minor, was famous as the birth-place of Juno, and


s: Cyclades, or, according to some writers, one of the Sporades,


s: a group that lay between the Cyclades and Crete.]


s: that partridges do not perch in trees; a fact, which, however,


s: here calls Perdix; and, envying his inventions of the saw, the


s: Herodotus, Diodorus Siculus, and Strabo. Philochorus, however, as


s: which were provided with oars only. Icarus, either fell into the


s: Diana, offended at the neglect of Œneus, king of Calydon, when


s: performing his vows to the Gods, sends a wild boar to ravage his


s: victory. Their sister Althæa, the mother of Meleager, filled with


s: remembering the torch which she received from the Fates at his


s: And now the Ætnæan land received Dædalus in his fatigue; and


s: Thestius, and Lynceus, the son of Aphareus, and the swift Idas,


s: and Cæneus, now no longer a woman; and the valiant Leucippus,


s: and Acastus, famous for the dart, and Hippothoüs, and Dryas,


s: and Phœnix, the son of Amyntor, and the two sons of Actor, and


s: Phyleus, sent from Elis, {are there}. Nor is Telamon absent; the


s: father, too, of the great Achilles; and with the son of Pheres,


s: and the Hyantian Iolaüs, the active Eurytion, and Echion,


s: invincible in the race, and the Narycian Lelex, and Panopeus,


s: and Hyleus, and bold Hippasus, and Nestor, now but in his


s: early years. Those, too, whom Hippocoön sent from ancient


s: Amyclæ, and the father-in-law of Penelope, with the Parrhasian


s: Ancæus, and the sage son of Ampycus, and the descendant of


s: Œclus, as yet safe from his wife, and Tegeæan {Atalanta}, the


s: Perhaps, too, the Pylian {Nestor} would have perished before the


s: sacrifice, which was taken from it, and placed on the burning


s: altar. According to Festus, the word meant a small altar, which


s: was placed before the dead, and on which perfumes were burnt. The


s: called Chaonia, was on the north of Greece, between Macedonia,


s: Thessaly, and the Ionian sea, comprising the greater part of what


s: Pliny the Elder, Pyrrhus, its king, paid particular attention to


s: following one, is clearly an interpolation, and ought to be


s: applied either to the whole, or a portion only, of the


s: fortifications of a Roman camp. It is derived from ‘vallus,’ ‘a


s: stake;’ and properly means the palisade which ran along the outer


s: ‘vallum,’ formed a complete fortification.]


s: Jupiter, who seduced Leda under the form of a swan. According to


s: some, however, Pollux only was the son of Jupiter. Castor was


s: skilled in horsemanship, while Pollux excelled in the use of the


s: Larissa, and the bosom friend of Theseus.]


s: Pausanias calls them Prothoüs and Cometes. Lactantius adds a


s: said to be able to see into the interior of the earth.]


s: female, by name Cænis. At her request, she was changed by Neptune


s: length in the 12th book of the Metamorphoses.]


s: he was the son of Geryon, or rather, according to Pausanias,


s: Having engaged in an intrigue, by the contrivance of his mother,


s: with his father’s mistress, he fled to the court of Peleus, king


s: of Thessaly, who entrusted to him the education of Achilles, and


s: the command of the Dolopians. He attended his pupil to the Trojan


s: and Cteatus, the sons of Actor, of Elis. They were afterwards


s: the son of Iphiclus, aided Hercules in slaying the Hydra.]


s: Epytus, who constructed the Trojan horse.]


s: he was slain, together with Rhœtus, by Atalanta, for making an


s: Chloris. He was king of Pylos, and went to the Trojan war in his


s: ninetieth, or, as some writers say, in his two hundredth year.]


s: Laconia, built by Amycla, the son of Lacedæmon.]


s: father of Ulysses, the husband of Penelope, and king of Ithaca.]


s: to return from the Theban war; and, therefore, hid himself, that


s: he might not be obliged to join in the expedition. His wife,


s: Eriphyle, being bribed by Adrastus with a gold necklace, betrayed


s: been a different person from Atalanta, the daughter of Schœneus,


s: famed for her swiftness in running, who is mentioned in the tenth


s: Thersites, who, according to him, being the son of Agrius, the


s: uncle of Meleager, was present on this occasion.]


s: Peleus accidentally slew Eurytion on this occasion.]


s: Tristia, book iii. Elegy xiii. line 21.]


s: Furies by way of euphemism, it being deemed unlucky to mention


s: sons besides Meleager, who were slain in the war that arose in


s: consequence of the death of Plexippus and Toxeus. Nicander says


s: they were five in number; Apollodorus names but three, Toxeus,


s: her Cleopatra, but Hyginus says that her name was Alcyone. Homer,


s: called Alcyone, because her mother had the same fate as Alcyone,


s: Deïanira was the wife of Hercules, the son of Alcmena. The two


s: sisters of Meleager who were changed into birds were Eurymede and


s: It is generally supposed that the story of the chase of the


s: Calydonian boar, though embracing much of the fabulous, is still


s: based upon historical facts. Homer, in the 9th book of the Iliad,


s: gave occasion for saying that the boar had been sent by Diana. As


s: “But yet, as thou thyself seest from afar, one island, see! was


s: Hippodamas, had been mild and reasonable, or if he had been less


s: objected to this passage, that the river Acheloüs, which rises in


s: possibly lie in the road of Theseus, as he returned from Calydon


s: from the fact of his having lived with Pittheus, the king of


s: sons, Hippodamas and Orestes. The Echinades were five small


s: islands in the Ionian Sea, near the coast of Acarnania, which are


s: This story is simply based upon physical grounds. The river


s: Jupiter and Mercury, disguised in human shape, are received by


s: transform their cottage into a temple, of which, at their own


s: inhabitants, and is turned into a lake. Acheloüs here relates the


s: After these things the river was silent. The wondrous deed had


s: astonished them all. The son of Ixion laughed at them, believing


s: “And that thou mayst the less doubt {of this}, there is upon the


s: Phrygian hills, an oak near to the lime tree, enclosed by a low


s: “With a two-pronged fork {Philemon} lifts down a rusty side of


s: “There is {now} a short pause; the fire {then} sends up the warm


s: wonderful events here related by Lelex.]


s: So true is it, that there is nothing new under the sun.]


s: distinguished by different names; the side at which they entered


s: was open, and was called ‘sponda:’ the other side, which was


s: protected by a board, was called ‘pluteus.’ The two sides were


s: also called ‘torus exterior,’ or ‘sponda exterior,’ and ‘torus


s: course. The Roman ‘cœna,’ or chief meal, consisted of three


s: stages. First, the ‘promulsis,’ ‘antecœna,’ or ‘gustatio,’ when


s: they ate such things as served to stimulate the appetite. Then


s: came the first course, which formed the substantial part of the


s: meal; and next the second course, at which the ‘bellaria,’


s: consisting of pastry and fruits, such as are now used at dessert,


s: humanity reflects credit on the two Deities, and contrasts


s: favourably with their usual cruel and revengeful disposition, in


s: common with their fellow Divinities of the heathen Mythology.]


s: The story of Baucis and Philemon, which is here so beautifully


s: related by the Poet, is a moral tale, which shows the merit of


s: history of its origin is entirely unknown. Huet, the theologian,


s: increase of the wine in the goblet, calls to mind ‘the barrel of


s: that of a lion, and sometimes with that of a serpent, or of some


s: originally came from that town in Thessaly, and that he retired


s: Acheloüs continues his narrative with the story of Metra, the


s: these means, Erisicthon, being obliged to expose her for sale, in


s: “Nor has the wife of Autolycus, the daughter of Erisicthon, less


s: {wretch}, and embraces him, sunk in a deep sleep ({for} it is


s: “And now, through his appetite, and the voracity of his capacious


s: Anticlea, the mother of Ulysses, and was instructed by Mercury in


s: them there to Ceres, for having granted their wishes.]


s: Hamadryads, whose lives terminated with those of the trees which


s: mourning for the dead; which seems, in the time of the Republic,


s: to have been black or dark blue for either sex. Under the Empire,


s: translation of ‘Labra incana situ:’ ‘Her lips very white with


s: words ‘Lenis adhuc somnus--Erisicthona pennis mulcebat;’ ‘Gentle


s: sleep as yet clapped Erisicthon with her wings.’]


s: ‘Tandem, demisso in viscera censu;’ ‘at last, after he had


s: swallowed down all his estate into his g--ts.’]


s: addressing Theseus, Pirithoüs, and Lelex. The words, ‘Etiam mihi


s: sæpe novandi Corporis, O Juvenes,’ is rendered by Clarke, ‘I too,


s: The story of Metra and Erisicthon has no other foundation, in all


s: Autolycus, the robber, who stole the oxen of Eurytus. Callimachus


s: Deïanira, the daughter of Œneus, having been wooed by several


s: Theseus, the Neptunian hero, inquires what is the cause of his


s: grandson of Neptune, through his father Ægeus.]


s: king of Ætolia, and became the wife of Hercules.]


s: Epicaste. Homer, however, makes Portheus, and not Parthaon, to


s: translate ‘bent inwards,’ according to some authorities, means


s: wrestler’s oil, in order to render the body supple and pliant, to


s: ‘nitidissima conjux,’ ‘the neatest cow.’]


s: infant in his cradle, was said to have strangled two serpents,


s: which Juno sent for the purpose of destroying him.]


s: of the Hydra varies in the accounts given by different writers.


s: the head had been cut off, with a red hot iron.]


s: The river Acheloüs, which ran between Acarnania and Ætolia, often


s: great scientific skill, which he was ever ready to employ for the


s: perpetual peace between these adjoining nations.


s: Hercules engaged in combat with the God of that river, who


s: immediately transformed himself into a serpent, by which was


s: probably meant merely the serpentine windings of its course. Next


s: Again, this horn became the Horn of Plenty in that region; or, in


s: Deïanira, having given her hand to Hercules, as the recompense of


s: vanquished by his rival; and on this foundation was built the


s: Hercules, returning with Deïanira, as the prize of his victory,


s: entrusts her to the Centaur Nessus, to carry her over the river


s: supposed effect. As soon as he puts it on, he is affected with


s: excruciating torments, and is seized with such violent fits of


s: But a passion for this same maiden proved fatal to thee, fierce


s: And {then}, racked with pain, he ranges along the lofty Œta, no


s: transformed into hard stone. Even to this day, in the Eubœan sea,


s: which were begotten by Ixion the cloud sent by Jupiter, under the


s: which was also called by the name of ‘Lycormas.’]


s: revolving wheel in the Infernal Regions, as a punishment for his


s: equinâ,’ is translated by Clarke, ‘Although thou trustest to the


s: Cenæan, from Cenæum, a promontory of Eubœa, where Hercules, after


s: Jupiter. Hercules slew Eurytus, the king of Œchalia, and carried


s: Hercules, whom he sent to Deïanira for the garment which he used


s: fresh strength which the giant Antæus gained each time he touched


s: his triple form originated in the fact that he and his two


s: brothers reigned amicably in conjunction over some portion of


s: called from Parthenium, a mountain which divided it from Argolis;


s: Mauritania, was said to support the heavens on his shoulders, of


s: which burden Hercules relieved him for a time, when he partook of


s: story is, that Hercules learned the study of astronomy from


s: Mycenæ, who imposed upon him his various labours.]


s: think that snow is an intermediate state between rain and hail,


s: and that hail is formed by the rapid motion of the snow as it


s: send for Philoctetes, who was the possessor of them. Troy had


s: already seen them, when Hercules punished Laomedon, its king, for


s: translated by Clarke, ‘The flame, being diffused on all sides,


s: merited this character, for having cleared the earth of monsters,


s: unintentionally caused his death, or else a tunic smeared on the


s: circumstance was made by the poets to account for the existence


s: ready, Hercules ascended it, and laid himself down with an air of


s: introduced this worship. It was also said that, as soon as


s: Philoctetes had applied fire to the pile, it thundered, and the


s: lightnings descending from heaven immediately consumed Hercules.


s: Trachinians, and temples and altars were raised to him in various


s: request, and places herself on an altar at the gate of Alcmena’s


s: Galanthis for her officiousness, transforms her into a weazel,


s: supporting the heavens, to the inhabitants of which Hercules was


s: statues in the Capitol, before the shrine of Minerva, were called


s: pelvis being firmly knit together in manner somewhat resembling


s: the fingers when inserted one between the other, instead of


s: cases, it expresses either actual doubt or uncertainty, as in the


s: Ilithyïa, or Lucina, who was acting as the emissary of Juno.]


s: animals) carrying her young in her mouth from place to place.]


s: obliged to revenge the death of his children, whom the sons of


s: Taphius, king of the Teleboans, had killed in combat, returned


s: victorious, and brought back with him his flocks, which he had


s: brother of Electryon, taking advantage of the public indignation,


s: Amphitryon, obliged to retire to Thebes, was there absolved by


s: It was during this war that Hercules came into the world; and


s: Tirynthus, where Hercules was said to have been born, it was


s: Hercules, it may have been said that Jupiter, and not Amphitryon,


s: ‘Whether all that has been said upon this subject be held as


s: writers say that Alcmena brought forth twins, one of which,


s: paid honour to that animal, because it had helped Alcmena in her


s: service at the head of the troops of Eurystheus. If this is the


s: fabled that he had destroyed the Hydra of Lerna, with its heads,


s: which grew as fast as they were cut off. The forest of Erymanthus


s: country: he destroyed them all, and brought one with him to the


s: court of Eurystheus, of a size so monstrous, that the king was


s: alarmed on seeing it, and was obliged to run and hide himself.


s: The stables of Augeas, king of Elis, were so filled with manure,


s: this he was ordered to kill, and, probably, this gave rise to the


s: The Amazons were a nation of great celebrity in the time of


s: Hercules, and their frequent victories had rendered them very


s: formidable to their neighbours. Eurystheus ordered him to go and


s: battle to the female warriors, defeated them; killing some, and


s: receiving from Laomedon, the king, the recompense which had been


s: promised him, he killed that prince, sacked the city, and brought


s: This is probably the extent of the labours of Hercules in Greece,


s: ought not to be attributed to the Grecian Hercules. Among other


s: according to Dionysius of Halicarnassus, of Evander and Faunus,


s: scene of his conquests, he was said to have raised two pillars on


s: The deliverance of Prometheus, as already mentioned; the death of


s: “Various theories have been formed respecting the mythus of


s: Hercules. It is evidently one of very remote antiquity, long


s: person the fabled exploits of similar heroes of other regions.


s: period. Some resemblance between his attributes and those of the


s: similitude to the God whom the Phœnicians chiefly worshipped, and


s: “In his view of the life of Hercules, it is a mythus of extreme


s: antiquity and great beauty, setting forth the ideal of human


s: perfection, consecrated to the weal of mankind, or rather, in its


s: monsters, and bringing home to his own country the valuable


s: productions of other regions. These are, however, regarded by


s: Buttmann as being chiefly allegorical. The Hydra, for instance,


s: he takes to have been meant to represent the evils of democratic


s: occasionally succumb to human weakness in the power of the evil


s: “The mythus concludes most nobly with the assumption of the hero


s: mounts from the pyre in a thunder-cloud, and the object of Hera’s


s: afterwards transformed to the western stream of the ocean. He


s: {peculiar} gift of her who is {both} his step-daughter and his


s: daughter-in-law, and will make them men in their years of


s: custom among the ancients of closing the eyes of the dying, which


s: Amphiaraüs, the son of Œcleus, and Hypermnestra, who was betrayed


s: Youth, was the daughter of Juno alone, without the participation


s: of Jupiter; and from this circumstance she is styled the


s: step-daughter of Jupiter. She was also his daughter-in-law on


s: rendered by Clarke, ‘The grumbling was, why, &c.’]


s: The adventure of Dryope is one of those narratives which have no


s: connexion with the main story which the Poet is relating, and, if


s: tree. If we seek for an historical solution, perhaps Dryope was


s: individual of the name of Iolaüs had lived.


s: Ovid then passes on to the surprising change in the children of


s: Calirrhoë, the outline of which the story may be thus


s: explained:--Amphiaraüs, foreseeing, (by the aid of the prophetic


s: ceremonial of expiation, to tranquillize his troubled conscience,


s: death of their father, at a time when they were in general only


s: Byblis falls in love with her brother Caunus, and her passion is


s: inflamed to such a degree, that he is obliged to leave his native


s: Every God has some one to favour; and their jarring discord is


s: Byblis is an example that damsels {only} ought to love what it is


s: agitated. At one moment she calls him sweetheart, at another, she


s: name could I wish my cause to be pleaded, and that I might not be


s: servant, having got a fit opportunity, goes {to her brother} and


s: trembling servant, he says, “Fly hence, O thou accursed pander to


s: city in a foreign land. But then, they say that the daughter of


s: And now she has left behind Cragos, and Lymira, and the waves of


s: omnis habet crescitque favore Turbida seditio.’ Clarke thus


s: writers, Miletus was the son of Apollo and Deione, though others


s: say that Thia was the name of his mother. He was the founder of


s: the celebrated city of Miletus, in Caria, a country of Asia


s: often used as a term of endearment between lovers.]


s: Mother,’ was fabled to have been the wife of her brother Saturn;


s: while Oceanus, the son of Cœlus and Vesta, married his sister


s: whom he was said to have given their sisters for wives. In the


s: case, however, of his daughter Canace, who was pregnant by her


s: brother Macareus, Æolus was more severe, as he sent her a sword,


s: was written upon, the wax was ‘vacua,’ empty; or, as we say of


s: ‘Summusque in margine versus adhæsit,’ ‘And the last line was


s: anything in the wrong rather than herself; she is sure that the


s: Thrace. The festival here alluded to was the ‘trieterica,’ or


s: the Elder that Bubasus was a region of Caria.]


s: people of Caria, in Asia Minor, who were supposed to have sprung


s: from Grecian emigrants, who first inhabited the adjacent island,


s: and afterwards the continent. They were said to have their name


s: from the Greek word λελεγμένοι ‘gathered,’ because they were


s: extravagant passion, and they both agree in tracing her to Caria.


s: changed into a fountain, which afterwards bore her name.


s: It is, however, most probable, that if the story is founded on


s: truth, the whole of the circumstances happened in Caria; since we


s: daughter of Mæander, fell to the share of Miletus, and Caunus and


s: father’s court, that he might avoid her importunities; upon which


s: authority of the historian Conon, that it was Caunus who fell in


s: love with Byblis, and that she hanged herself upon a walnut tree.


s: writers, married his daughter Acallis; but, having disagreed with


s: For once on a time the Phæstian land adjoining to the Gnossian


s: Anubis, and the holy Bubastis, and the particoloured Apis;


s: he, too, who suppresses his voice, and with his finger enjoins


s: fires; and Iphis, {now} a youth, gains his {dear} Iänthe.


s: which had the body of a man, and the head of a dog. Some writers


s: attendant of Isis, Diodorus Siculus represents her to have been


s: another name for Osiris, whose body, having been burned on the


s: divinity Harpocrates, the God of Secresy and Silence, who was


s: represented with his finger laid on his lips.]


s: Typhon, Isis long sought him in vain, till, finding his scattered


s: found represented on the statues of Isis. Its bite was said to


s: produce a lethargic sleep, ending in death. Cleopatra ended her


s: life by the bite of one, which she ordered to be conveyed to her


s: in a basket of fruit. Some commentators have supposed that the


s: disease, and that she greatly improved the healing art.]


s: Iphis wore the ‘vitta,’ which was an article of female dress, in


s: Parætonium was a city of Libya, with a capacious harbour.]


s: sailors from off the dangerous quicksands in the neighbourhood.]


s: worshipped under the form of a cow, to the horns of which


s: marriages, offerings were made on the altars of Hymenæus and the


s: other Deities, who were the guardians of conjugal rites.]


s: The story of Iphis being changed from a young woman into a man,


s: Ovid may possibly have invented the story himself, merely as a


s: vehicle for showing how the Deities recompense piety and strict


s: Eurydice, the wife of Orpheus, while sporting in the fields, with


s: injunction, on which she is immediately snatched away from him,


s: beyond the possibility of recovery. Upon this occasion, the Poet


s: relates the story of a shepherd, who was turned into a rock by a


s: look of Cerberus; and that of Olenus and Lethæa, who were


s: disastrous than the omens; for the newmade bride, while she was


s: As he said such things, and touched the strings to his words, the


s: The Rhodopeïan hero receives her, and, at the same time, {this}


s: condition, that he turn not back his eyes until he has passed the


s: oris,’ is rendered by Clarke, ‘Laying aside all the long-winded


s: himself in a cave; and that on peeping out, and beholding


s: Cerberus, he was changed into a stone by his fright. Suidas says,


s: the son of Vulcan, had a beautiful wife, whose name was Lethæa.


s: When about to be punished for comparing her own beauty to that of


s: stead, on which they were both changed into stones.]


s: ripa--sedit,’ is rendered by Clarke, ‘He sat in a sorry pickle on


s: Darkness; but his name is often used to signify the Infernal


s: which was much exposed to the North winds.]


s: Fishes,’ being the last sign of the Zodiac, when the sun has


s: passed through it, the year is completed.]


s: As, in his time, Poetry and Music were in a very low state of


s: perfection, and as he excelled in both of those arts, it was said


s: added, that he charmed lions and tigers, and made even the trees


s: sensible of the melodious tones of his lyre. These were mere


s: cultivating the genius of a savage and uncouth people. Some


s: conjecture that this personage originally came from Asia into


s: Thrace, and suppose that he, together with Linus and Eumolpus,


s: His wife, Eurydice, dying very young, he was inconsolable for her


s: he renounced the society of mankind for ever and retired to the


s: mountains of Thrace. His journey to that distant country gave


s: Tzetzes, however, assures us that this part of his history is


s: especially the method of charming serpents.


s: diversified by the writers who relate that Venus, exasperated


s: against Calliope, the mother of Orpheus, for having adjudged to


s: disputing the possession of him. An ancient author, quoted by


s: Hyginus, says that Orpheus was killed by the stroke of a


s: thunderbolt, while he was accompanying the Argonauts; and


s: Apollodorus says the same. Diodorus Siculus calls him one of the


s: kings of Thrace; while other writers, among whom are Cicero and


s: signifies ‘learned,’ gave rise to the story of Orpheus. Le Clerc


s: thinks that in consequence of the same Greek word signifying ‘an


s: Several works were attributed to him, which are now no longer in


s: existence; among which were a Poem on the Expedition of the


s: Argonauts, one on the War of the Giants, another on the Rape of


s: Onomacritus, who lived in the sixth century B.C., in the time of


s: After his death, Orpheus was reckoned in the number of Heroes or


s: Demigods; and we are informed by Philostratus that his head was


s: Orpheus, retiring to Mount Rhodope, by the charms of his music,


s: You, too, the ivy-trees, with your creeping tendrils, came, and


s: the growth of which Chaonia, a province of Epirus, was famous.]


s: much valued by the ancients, as affording, by its extending


s: platanum potantibus umbram,’ ‘And the plane-tree that gives its


s: maple being of a varying colour, it was much valued by the


s: ancients, for the purpose of making articles of furniture.]


s: palm were remarkable for their flexibility, while no


s: superincumbent weight could break them. On this account they were


s: them. From Diodorus Siculus we learn that Cybele, the daughter of


s: Vossius supposes, some priest of that God,) touched with the


s: misfortunes of the damsel, took her to the country of the


s: returned, that, to ensure the ceasing of the contagion, they must


s: young man who repulsed her advances. Ovid, also, gives a similar


s: account in the fourth Book of the Fasti, line 220. Other authors,


s: which grew from the blood of Agdistis whom Bacchus had slain,


s: conceived Attis, who afterwards became very dear to Cybele.


s: All that we can conclude from these accounts, and more especially


s: that, as he led the example of mutilating himself, all her other


s: priests, who were called Galli, submitted to a similar operation,


s: inventing some wonderful story to account for an act so


s: falling upon his shoulders, hung down from his smooth round neck;


s: Circus for the chariot races, a low wall ran lengthways down the


s: course, which, from its resemblance in position to the spinal


s: pyramids of wood, in shape very much like cypress trees, to which


s: They were more especially used by the Greek and Roman females as


s: bridal ornaments. The ‘monile baccatum,’ or ‘bead necklace,’ was


s: and links of gold. Emeralds seem to have been much used for this


s: purpose, and amber was also similarly employed. Thus Ovid says,


s: in the second Book of the Metamorphoses, line 366, that the amber


s: changed, was sent to be worn by the Latian matrons. Horses and


s: favourite animals, as in the present instance, were decked with


s: of metal, so called from its resemblance in shape to a bubble of


s: derived from the people of Etruria; and though originally worn


s: only by the children of the Patricians, they were subsequently


s: used by all of free birth. The children of the Libertini, or


s: ‘freedmen,’ indeed wore ‘bullæ,’ but they were only made of


s: leather. The ‘bulla’ was laid aside at the same time as the ‘toga


s: the ornament which was pendent from the rescript or decree being


s: called among the Greeks ἐνώτιον, and by the Romans ‘inauris.’ The


s: lobe of the ear. Earrings were worn by both sexes among the


s: Lydians, Persians, Libyans, Carthaginians, and other nations.


s: Among the Greeks and Romans, the females alone were in the habit


s: of wearing them. As with us, the ear-ring consisted of a ring and


s: sometimes used by the common people. Pearls, especially those of


s: Cyclades, and Carthæa was one of its four cities.]


s: manner accounts for the Roman custom of placing branches of


s: own strong scent, the bad smell of the spot where the bodies were


s: so used, because, when once its bark is cut, it withers, and is


s: consequently emblematical of the frail tenure of human life.]


s: Cyparissus, who, according to Ovid was born at Carthæa, a town in


s: talent and proficiency in the polite arts, which caused him to be


s: Some ancient writers also tell us that Cyparissus was a youth


s: beloved by the God Sylvanus, for which reason that God is often


s: represented with branches of Cypress in his hand.


s: “The king of the Gods above was once inflamed with a passion for


s: Hercules and the other Deities, conquered the Giants with his


s: lightnings. Others say that their locality was in that part of


s: Macedonia which was afterwards called Pallene; others again,


s: injury from lightning. It was also said to have been the


s: armour-bearer of Jupiter in his wars against the Titans, and to


s: The rape of Ganymede is probably based upon an actual occurrence,


s: conquered several of his neighbours, as Eusebius, Cedrenus, and


s: Suidas relate, sent his son Ganymede into Lydia, accompanied by


s: spies, and put Ganymede in prison. He having been arrested in a


s: The capture of Ganymede occasioned a protracted and bloody war


s: advantage, by putting the Greeks in mind of the evils which his


s: family had suffered from the kings of Troy.


s: As Apollo is playing at quoits with the youth Hyacinthus, one of


s: “Phœbus would have placed thee too, descendant of Amycla, in the


s: {becoming} a new flower, by the inscription {on thee}, thou shalt


s: ceremonials, after the manner of former {celebrations}.”


s: though, in another place, Apollodorus says that Piërus was his


s: father. On the other hand, Hyginus, Lucian, and Servius say that


s: he was the son of Œbalus. Some explain ‘Amyclide,’ as meaning


s: ‘born at Amyclæ;’ and, indeed, Claudian says that he was born


s: there. Others, again, would have Œbalide to signify ‘born at


s: Œbalia.’ But, if he was the son of Amycla, this could not be the


s: signification, as Œbalia was founded by Œbalus, who was the


s: grandson of Amycla. The poet, most probably, meant to style him


s: that he was born at Sparta; but, in the fifth Book of the Fasti,


s: line 223, he mentions Therapnæ, a town of Laconia, as having been


s: ridge of Parnassus, was styled the navel of the world, as it was


s: supposed to be situate in the middle of the earth. The story was,


s: opposite extremities of the earth, with the view of ascertaining


s: the central spot of it, they met in their flight at this place.]


s: fortified, because Lycurgus considered that it ought to trust for


s: quoit, of the ancients, was made of brass, iron, stone, or wood,


s: ‘discus.’ It was perforated in the middle, and a rope or thong


s: being passed through, was used in throwing it.]


s: called, not as having been born there, but because Tænarus was a


s: famous headland or promontory of Laconia, his native country.]


s: Hyacinthus, changing into a flower, according to the ideas of the


s: lamentation, were said to be impressed on its leaves.]


s: two letters of his name, Αἴας. See Book xiii. line 397. The


s: hyacinth was the emblem of death, among the ancient Greeks.]


s: held solely in honour of Apollo; others, of Hyacinthus; but it is


s: Apollo and Hyacinthus. The festival lasted for three days, and


s: fate of Hyacinthus was lamented. Garlands were forbidden to be


s: worn on those days, bread was not allowed to be eaten, and no


s: songs were recited in praise of Apollo. On the second day,


s: rejoicing and amusements prevailed; the praises of Apollo were


s: sung, and horse races were celebrated; after which, females,


s: riding in chariots made of wicker-work, and splendidly adorned,


s: formed a beautiful procession. On this day, sacrifices were


s: offered, and the citizens kept open houses for their friends and


s: relations. Athenæus mentions a favourite meal of the Laconians on


s: bread, meat, broth, raw herbs, figs, and other fruits, with the


s: seeds of the lupine. Macrobius says, that chaplets of ivy were


s: favourite of Apollo, and of the Muses. As he was one day playing


s: with his companions, he unfortunately received a blow on the head


s: The Lacedæmonians each year celebrated a solemn festival near his


s: Athenæus, that they instituted games in his honour, which were


s: called after his name. Pausanias makes mention of his tomb, upon


s: similarity of their names. It is not very clear what flower it is


s: imperfectly, the letters αἰ (alas!) mentioned by Ovid. The


s: lamentations of Apollo, on the death of Hyacinthus, formed the


s: subject of bitter, and, indeed, deserved raillery, for several of


s: “And yet the obscene Propœtides presumed to deny that Venus is a


s: character of Ζεῦς ξένιος, was the guardian and protector of


s: called Ophiusia, on account of the number of serpents that


s: infested it; ὄφις being the Greek for a serpent.]


s: Herodotus that they had recourse to prostitution to raise their


s: An equivocation of names also, probably, aided in originating the


s: “When Pygmalion saw these women spending their lives in criminal


s: pursuits, shocked at the vices which Nature had {so} plentifully


s: Myrrha, the daughter of Cinyras and Cenchris, having conceived an


s: daughter with the intention of killing her. Myrrha flies from her


s: considered shameful for the heifer to mate with her sire; his own


s: “The pious matrons were {now} celebrating the annual festival of


s: understood by him in the sense in which Myrrha meant it.]


s: general, suppose that he here alludes to the festival of the


s: though the virgins joined in some of the ceremonies. Demosthenes,


s: by Orpheus; while Herodotus states, that it was introduced from


s: conquest, it fell into disuse, being retained only by the people


s: of Arcadia. It was intended to commemorate the introduction of


s: laws and the regulations of civilized life, which were generally


s: ascribed to Demeter. It is not known whether the festival lasted


s: four or five days with the Athenians. Many days were spent by the


s: commenced by the women walking in procession from Athens to


s: Eleusis. In this procession they carried on their heads


s: representations of the laws which had been introduced by Ceres,


s: and other symbols of civilized life. They then spent the night at


s: day was one of mourning, during which the women sat on the ground


s: sesame and honey. On it no meetings of the people were held.


s: Probably it was in the afternoon of this day that there was a


s: commemoration of Iämbe, who was said to have amused the Goddess


s: during her grief at the loss of Proserpine. An atoning sacrifice,


s: performance, and they adopted the same colour during the


s: celebration of the Cerealia at Rome. Burmann thinks, that an


s: Eastern festival, in honour of Ceres, is here referred to. If so,


s: word, which is applied to the stars of the Ursa Major, or


s: Charles’s Wain, literally means ‘oxen;’ and is by some thought to


s: purpose of threshing corn; but it is more likely to have its


s: origin from ‘terra,’ ‘the earth,’ because oxen were used for


s: ploughing. The Poet employs this periphrasis, to signify the


s: region of Arabia Felix, now called ‘Yemen.’ It was famed for its


s: myrrh, frankincense, and spices. In the Scriptures it is called


s: Sheba, and it was the queen of this region, who came to listen to


s: Le Clerc, forming his ideas on what Lucian, Phurnutus, and other


s: daughter-in-law, the wife of Ammon, together with her son Adonis,


s: Loaded with the execrations of her father, Myrrha retired into


s: ‘Mor,’ which meant in the Arabic language ‘Myrrh.’ It is very


s: probable that the story was founded on a tradition among the


s: Adonis is educated by the Naiads. His beauty makes a strong


s: danger in hunting lions, wild boars, and such formidable animals.


s: attempt to win her. Hippomenes, smitten with her charms, is not


s: daunted at their ill success; but boldly enters the lists, after


s: Venus has given him, and then, reaching the goal before her, he


s: embraces of his mistress; on which they are both transformed into


s: “Perhaps thou mayst have heard how a certain damsel excelled the


s: Apollodorus, Venus had caused Myrrha to imbibe her infamous


s: passion, because she had treated the worship of that Goddess with


s: situate on a promontory. Strangers resorted thither, to behold a


s: statue of Venus there, which was made by Praxiteles.]


s: seems to be attributed to the wild boar, from the vehemence with


s: which he strikes down every impediment in his way.]


s: substitutes for them. In the palace of the Roman emperors,


s: a slave, called ‘velarius,’ was posted at each of the principal


s: doors, to raise the curtain when any one passed through. Window


s: as being of yellow, red, and rusty hue.]


s: the race consisted of seven rounds of the Circus, or rather


s: circuits of the ‘spina,’ or wall, in the midst of it, at each end


s: spectators to count the number of rounds which had been run, for


s: The form of the egg was adopted in honour of Castor and Pollux,


s: who were said to have been produced from eggs. The words


s: ‘novissima meta’ here mean either ‘the last part of the course,’


s: or, possibly, ‘the last time round the course.’]


s: Neptune was the father of Megareus, or Macareus, as the Scholiast


s: Hippomenes was the fourth from Neptune, inclusively. Onchestius


s: founded a city of that name in Bœotia, in honour of Neptune, who


s: had a temple there; in the time of Pausanias the place was in


s: ruins. That author tells us that Megareus aided Nisus against


s: line-- ‘But what a lady-like countenance there is in his boyish


s: mean either the seats, or benches, on which the spectators sat,


s: Goddess of the Earth, was usually represented as crowned with


s: turrets, and drawn in a chariot by lions.]


s: generally the shoulder of a brute; while ‘humerus’ is that of a


s: man. ‘Armus’ is sometimes used to signify the human shoulder.]


s: that he is angry; when quiet, that he is in a good temper.]


s: The Atalanta who is mentioned in this story was the daughter of


s: Schœneus, and the granddaughter of Athamas, whose misfortunes


s: obliged him to retire into Bœotia, where he built a little town,


s: which was called after his name, as we learn from Pausanias and


s: Apollodorus, however, relates the story in a different manner;


s: he says that the father of Atalanta desiring to have sons, but no


s: According to Apollodorus, her father’s name was Iasius, though in


s: says that she was the same person that was present at the hunt of


s: Atalanta had by Melanion, or, as some authors say, by Mars, a son


s: Adonis being too ardent in the pursuit of a wild boar, the beast


s: said to have changed the Nymph, ‘Mentha,’ into a plant of that


s: name, which we call ‘mint.’ Some writers say that she found her


s: intriguing with Pluto while, according to other writers, she was


s: Nature of the Gods, says, that there were several persons who had


s: Syrian, who married Adonis, the son of Cinyras, king of Cyprus.


s: Minor into Greece; while the Carthaginians, a Phœnician colony


s: Isis at the death of her husband. According to Hesiod, Adonis was


s: mentioned by the prophet Ezekiel, and to be a Phœnician


s: uncertain when the Adonia were first celebrated in Greece; but we


s: This notion of the mourning for Adonis being a testimony of grief


s: example, asks, with some appearance of reason, why those nations


s: whose heaven was mildest, and their winter shortest, should so


s: box-wood, was much used in the rites of Cybele, or Berecynthia.]


s: exhibit shows of hunting in the amphitheatre in the morning; and


s: at mid-day the gladiatorial spectacles commenced. The ‘arena’ was


s: from the sand with which it was covered, chiefly for the purpose


s: of absorbing the blood of the wild beasts and of the combatants.


s: Caligula, Nero, and Carus showed their extravagant disposition by


s: amphitheatres there were ditches, called ‘Euripi,’ between the


s: first that we read of who introduced wild beasts in the theatre


s: for the amusement of the public. He exhibited in the Circus one


s: hundred and forty-two elephants, which he brought from Sicily,


s: after his victory over the Carthaginians, and which are said to


s: have been slain, more because the Romans did not know what to do


s: with them, than for the amusement of the public. Lions and


s: panthers were first exhibited by M. Fulvius, after the Ætolian


s: war. In the Circensian games, exhibited by the Curule Ædiles,


s: P. Cornelius Scipio Nasica, and P. Lentulus, B.C. 168, there were


s: Sylla, when Prætor, exhibited one hundred lions, which were


s: pierced with javelins. We also read of hippopotami and crocodiles


s: also hunted in the games given by Julius Caesar in his third


s: consulship. He also introduced bull fights, and Augustus first


s: exhibited the rhinoceros, and a serpent, fifty cubits in length.


s: When Titus constructed his great amphitheatre, five thousand wild


s: games celebrated by Trajan, after his victories over the Dacians,


s: which valuable work contains a large quantity of interesting


s: matter on this barbarous practice of the Romans.]


s: rendered by Clarke, ‘bouncing hard to get away.’]


s: excited contempt, as a malignant and ignorant person, who


s: endeavoured, as it were, to sting the character of the deceased


s: The harp of Orpheus was preserved in the same temple; and so many


s: according to Lucian, he succeeded so ill, that on his trying the


s: furious and ill-conditioned females did not escape punishment for


s: rest of their lives in woods and caverns.


s: Bacchus, having punished the Thracian women for the murder of


s: Orpheus, leaves Thrace. His tutor, Silenus, having become


s: Hesperides had given it. If he places his fingers upon the lofty


s: “Astonished at the novelty of his misfortune, being both rich and


s: Bacchus, the gentle Divinity among the Gods, restored him, as he


s: capital of Lydia, where Crœsus had his palace. The river Pactolus


s: Gods, were the Satyrs and Sileni. The latter, according to


s: along on foot, with a thyrsus to support him.


s: writers represent him not as a drunken old man, but as a learned


s: philosopher and a skilful commander. Lucian combines the two


s: characters, and describes him as an aged man with large straight


s: inhabitants of the first city are much given to warfare, and make


s: blessed with plenty; the earth without toil or tillage furnishing


s: pleasure; but they are so just and righteous that the Gods


s: “The warlike people of the first city having extended their


s: fruit of the trees growing near the River of Sorrow, pass their


s: Ælian regards the passage as a mere fable, and the latter part is


s: Some writers say, that Silenus was the king of Caria, and was the


s: considerable service, in governing his dominions. He was probably


s: decides in favour of Apollo, and the whole company approve of his


s: understanding still remained, and the impulse of his foolish mind


s: ingenium mansit,’ is rendered by Clarke, ‘but he continued a


s: saturated with Tyrian purple, the garment would be ‘dibaphus,’ or


s: Midas, according to Pausanias, was the son of Gordius and Cybele,


s: whatever he touched was at once turned into gold; and Bacchus was


s: probably the first who extracted gold from the sands of the river


s: Tmolus, the king of Lydia, according to Clitophon, was the son of


s: stakes, he lost his life, and was buried on the mountain that


s: Apollo and Neptune build the walls of Troy for king Laomedon, who


s: Laomedon is then obliged to expose his daughter to a sea monster,


s: defrauds him likewise of the horses which he has promised him.


s: In revenge, Hercules plunders the city of Troy, and carries off


s: Hesione, whom he gives in marriage to his companion Telamon.


s: promontories, near Troy, between which was an altar dedicated to


s: ‘Panomphæus,’ from πᾶν, ‘all,’ and ὀμφὴ, ‘the voice,’ either


s: because he was worshipped by the voices of all, or because he was


s: building the walls of Troy, only meant that he built it of bricks


s: of Thetis; was a Divinity of the sea, and was gifted with the


s: Laomedon, being King of Troy, and the city being open and


s: inundations, were regarded as the work of Neptune. In time, these


s: appease the God of the sea, they must sacrifice a virgin of the


s: Hesione having been made the price of him that could succeed in


s: Proteus foretells that Thetis shall have a son, who shall be more


s: yields her to Peleus. The Goddess flies from his advances by


s: assuming various shapes, till, by the advice of Proteus, he holds


s: melancholy, and tells him how his brother Dædalion, in the


s: entreaties, till, by the intercession of Thetis, she is appeased,


s: For the aged Proteus had said to Thetis, “Goddess of the waves,


s: conceive; thou shalt be the mother of a youth, who by his gallant


s: Then pouring wine upon its waters, he worshipped the Gods of the


s: “Perhaps you may think that this bird, which lives upon prey, and


s: endowed with beauty, was pleasing to a thousand suitors, when


s: otherwise than rocks do the murmurs of the ocean, and he bitterly


s: Æacus, who was the son of Jupiter, by Ægina, the daughter of


s: made to the other Divinities, either on their altars, or on the


s: held in the hands of those who begged for mercy or pardon. The


s: wool covering the hand was emblematical of peace, the hand being


s: thereby rendered powerless to effect mischief.]


s: periphrasis for Lucifer, or the Morning Star, which precedes, and


s: Bœotia, so called from Thisbe, the daughter of Æsopus. It was


s: famous for the number of doves which it produced.]


s: Mercury, who was noted for his thieving propensities.]


s: great-grandfather of Chione, being the father of Lucifer, and the


s: sarcastically, as much as to say, ‘If I do not please her by my


s: of the ancient light-houses had windows looking towards the sea;


s: and torches, or fires (probably in cressets, or fire-pans, at the


s: vessels. ‘Pharos,’ or ‘Pharus,’ the name given to light-houses,


s: is derived from the celebrated one built on the island of Pharos,


s: Sostratus, of Cnidos, at the expense of one of the Ptolemies, and


s: constructed of white stone. It contained many stories, and


s: diminished in width from below upwards. There were ‘phari,’ or


s: ‘light-houses,’ at Ostia, Ravenna, Capreæ, and Brundisium.]


s: people of Magnesia, a district of Thessaly. They were famed for


s: of Pelias. His wife Hippolyta, being enamoured of Peleus, and he


s: not encouraging her advances, she accused him of having made an


s: whereupon the God sent Hercules to Mount Caucasus, to perform his


s: ingenious method of stating, that having several suitors, she was


s: Some writers state that Thetis was the daughter of Chiron; but


s: figure of a Nereid on his shield. The three sons of Æacus were


s: Psamathe, the sister of Thetis; by the first he had Peleus and


s: Ceyx, going to Claros, to consult the oracle about his brother’s


s: fate, is shipwrecked on the voyage. Juno sends Iris to the God of


s: And now the bolts shrink, and despoiled of their covering of wax,


s: father-in-law. But chiefly on his lips, as he swims, is his wife


s: concealed his face beneath thick clouds.


s: In the meantime, the daughter of Æolus, ignorant of so great


s: But she {replied}, “Sleep, thou repose of all things; Sleep, thou


s: Delphi was much nearer and more convenient for Ceyx to resort to;


s: the Delphic shrine. They were destroyed by thunderbolts and


s: pestilence, or, according to some authors, by Neptune, who swept


s: them away in a flood. Phorbas, here mentioned, was one of the


s: Lapithæ, a savage robber, who forced strangers to box with him,


s: and then slew them. Having the presumption to challenge the Gods,


s: honorary tombs, were erected in honour of those, who having been


s: drowned, their bodies could not be found. One great reason for


s: erecting these memorials was the notion, that the souls of those


s: who had received no funeral honours, wandered in agony on the


s: banks of the Styx for the space of one hundred years.]


s: Hippotas, through his daughter Sergesta, who bore Æolus to


s: Jupiter. Ovid says that he was the father of Halcyone; but,


s: according to Lucian, she was the daughter of Æolus the Hellenian,


s: that the ship of Ceyx was a ‘biremis,’ or one with two ranks of


s: rowers; one rank being placed above the other. Pliny the Elder


s: those with five ranks, are said to have been the invention of the


s: ascribed to the Syracusans. Ships were sometimes built with


s: course, the labour of each ascending rank increased, through the


s: necessity of the higher ranks using longer oars, the pay of the


s: lowest rank was the lowest, their work being the easiest. Where


s: literally, ‘The ends or points of the sail-yards,’ or ‘Antennæ:’


s: but here the word is used to signify the sail-yards themselves.]


s: composition of wax and pitch, or other bituminous and resinous


s: allusion to the belief that every tenth wave exceeded the others


s: shore would obtain funeral rites; while those who perished by


s: shipwreck might become food for the fishes, a fate which was


s: regarded by the ancients with peculiar horror. Another reason for


s: the ancients, that the soul was an emanation from æther, or fire,


s: extinguished by water. Ovid says in his Tristia, or Lament (Book


s: ’Tis something for one, either dying a natural death, or by the


s: sword, to lay his breathless corpse in the firm ground, and to


s: hiscere fluctus’ is rendered by Clarke, ‘As oft as the waves


s: arcus’ means a sweeping wave, black with the sand which it has


s: frequently used by the poets to signify ‘the heavens;’ as the


s: mountain of that name in Thessaly, from its extreme height, was


s: ‘lacerna,’ or cloak, for her husband Collatinus. She says to her


s: hand-maidens, ‘With all speed there must be sent to your master a


s: been engaged in the burial of the dead were considered to be


s: polluted, and were not allowed to enter the temples of the Gods


s: till they had been purified. Among the Greeks, persons who had


s: relatives, if it turned out that they were not dead, and they


s: returned to their own country, were considered impure, and were


s: only purified by being dressed in swaddling clothes, and treated


s: Ceyx, although at a distance, and as yet unknown to her.]


s: places the abode of the drowsy God in the cold, damp, and foggy


s: regions of the Cimmerians, who are supposed, by some authors, to


s: borrowed by Ovid from one of the Greek poets.]


s: compliment to the geese, for the service they rendered, in giving


s: tasted the waters of Lethe, one of the rivers of Hell, it was


s: supposed that they lost all recollection of the events of their


s: the Greek μορφὴ, ‘shape,’ or ‘figure,’ because he assumed various


s: similar reason. Phobetor is from the Greek φοβὸς, ‘fear,’ because


s: same Deity, under the name of Taraxion. Phantasos is from the


s: between the city of Trachyn and the coast of Ionia, whither Ceyx


s: tombs of the ancients usually contained the name of the person,


s: his age, and (with the Greeks) some account of the principal


s: events of his life. Halcyone, in her affectionate grief, promises


s: eleven as being the number of the days; Philochorus, nine; but


s: Demagoras says seven, the number here adopted by Ovid.]


s: reason the poets considered that bird as the emblem of conjugal


s: affection. The sea was supposed to be always calm when the female


s: speaks of ‘Halcyon days,’ takes its rise.]


s: experience; and many had recourse to him to atone for the murders


s: maintain a war against so powerful a king, sent the youths to


s: Theseus, who took them into his protection.


s: To recover from the melancholy consequent upon the death of his


s: a story which, probably, has no other foundation than the name of


s: considered to be the symbol of conjugal affection.


s: enraged at Ceyx, because he had assumed his name as Halcyone had


s: done that of Juno, changed them both into birds, he becoming a


s: cormorant, and she a kingfisher. This story is remarkable for the


s: The Nymph Hesperia flying from Æsacus, who is enamoured of her,


s: Some old man observes them as they fly over the widely extended


s: seas, and commends their love, preserved to the end {of their


s: lengthened series, his ancestors are Ilus, and Assaracus, and


s: Ganymede, snatched away by Jupiter, and the aged Laomedon, and


s: senior--spectat;’ these words are translated by Clarke, ‘Some old


s: Assaracus and Ganymede, as they were only the brothers of Ilus,


s: and the three were the sons of Tros. Ilus was the father of


s: Laomedon, whose son was Priam, the father of Æsacus.]


s: profundum Pronus abit,’ Clarke renders, ‘Goes plumb down into the


s: than the present form, ‘plump down;’ but, like many other


s: Ovid and Apollodorus agree that Æsacus was the son of Priam, and


s: that he was changed into a didapper, or diver, but they differ in


s: marry Sterope, who dying very young, he was so afflicted at her


s: Tzetzes adds, that Æsacus told his father that it was absolutely


s: sibyl Herophila who interpreted the dream, while other ancient


s: writers state that it was Cassandra. Apollodorus says that Æsacus


s: The Greeks assemble their troops at Aulis, to proceed against the


s: detained in port by contrary winds. Calchas, the priest, after a


s: sacrificed his daughter Iphigenia. She is immediately led to the


s: altar for that purpose; but Diana, appeased by this act of


s: obedience, carries away the maiden, and substitutes a hind in her


s: unavailing offerings at a tomb, that bore his name {on it}. The


s: together {with them}, the whole body of the Pelasgian nation. Nor


s: confounds him, and drives him on, and gives him no respite in his


s: respiration and the passage of his breath.


s: kind of sacrifices by the name of χοαὶ.]


s: Laodamia, the daughter of Acastus. His father was Iphiclus, who


s: sarcastically, in allusion to Achilles being born of Thetis,


s: lines in this comical strain: ‘Achilles was as mad as a bull in


s: the open Circus, when he pushes at the red coat, stuffed, used on


s: Similar means are used to provoke the bull in the Spanish


s: direction of the oracle, he applied to Achilles for his cure,


s: which was effected by means of the rust of the weapon with which


s: territory was in Asia Minor, between Caria and Pamphylia, were


s: line, ‘He overset him, and thwacked him against the ground.’]


s: foundation than his desire to check an enterprise which must be


s: attended with much bloodshed, and difficulties of the most


s: historians are by no means agreed as to the fate of Iphigenia, as


s: Nicander affirms that she was changed into a heifer.


s: There is no story more celebrated among the ancients than that of


s: damsel, when about to be slain, was possibly founded on the


s: substituted offering for Isaac when about to be offered by his


s: father; for it is not probable that the people of Greece were


s: have taken pains to show that Agamemnon did not sacrifice, or


s: contemplate sacrificing, his own daughter, by asserting that the


s: Pausanias also adopts this view, and gives for his authorities


s: Euphorion of Chalcis, Alexander, Stesichorus, and the people of


s: Argos, who preserved a tradition to the same effect.


s: Dictys the Cretan, and several of the ancient scholiasts, Ulysses


s: that Achilles was in love with Iphigenia; and that he was greatly


s: Ovid then proceeds to recount the adventures of the Greeks, after


s: safety of his friends, being slain by Hector immediately on his


s: A truce ensuing, the Grecian chiefs having assembled at a feast,


s: express their surprise at the fact of Cygnus being invulnerable.


s: invulnerable. Cæneus being present at the wedding feast of


s: bride; on which a quarrel arose between the Centaurs and the


s: Lapithæ. After many on both sides had been slain, Cæneus still


s: This toil {and} this combat brought on a cessation for many days;


s: unhurt; Cæneus the Perrhæbean, {I say}, who, famous for his


s: waggon-load, which its very weight hinders him from throwing full


s: becoming, and are those of choice beasts.


s: “Their love was equal: together they wandered upon the mountains;


s: “After Cæneus had enough exposed his unhurt limbs to him in his


s: ‘prosiciæ,’ or ‘ablegamina,’ were portions of the animal which


s: Servius, that boiled meat was not eaten in the heroic ages.]


s: that that entertainment is the most pleasant where no musician is


s: people of Thessaly, who, having been conquered by the Lapithæ,


s: betook themselves to the mountain fortresses of Pindus.]


s: these lines, ‘Come, tell us, O eloquent old gentleman, the wisdom


s: other sex? in which war, or what engagement, he was known to you?


s: those of the nuptial torches, and of the altars for sacrifice to


s: Hymenæus and the other tutelary divinities of marriage.]


s: ‘Sanguinis globos,’ ‘goblets of blood.’]


s: earthenware vessels, in which wine was kept, but also the vessels


s: means, ‘a link,’ or ‘torch,’ made of fibrous substances twisted


s: horns of a stag were frequently offered as a votive gift to the


s: Deities, especially to Diana, the patroness of the chase. Thus in


s: ‘Vivacis cornua cervi,’ ‘The horns of a long-lived stag.’]


s: chaps covered with down, then first putting out.’]


s: Pomponius, of whom Quintilian relates, that, having received a


s: wound in his face, he was showing it to Cæsar, on which he was


s: the thong, or strap of leather, with which the lance, or javelin,


s: twofold nature, or ‘horse-part’ of the Centaur, as Clarke calls


s: poetical license, in allusion to the two-fold form of the


s: little of the propensity for boasting, which distinguishes him in


s: the Lapithæ. There are two other persons mentioned in ancient


s: supposed to have been a kind of pike with which the soldiers of


s: the Macedonia phalanx were armed. Its ordinary length was


s: twenty-one feet; but those used by the phalanx were twenty-four


s: ‘stamen,’ from ‘stare,’ ‘to stand,’ on account of its erect


s: excelled all the other people of Greece in horsemanship, and that


s: ‘a horseman,’ and that of ‘Thessalian,’ became synonymous. Again,


s: Hippocentaurs, that is, ‘horsemen that hunted bulls,’ or simply


s: κένταυροι, ‘Centaurs.’


s: virtue, because, according to Palæphatus, many of them lived in a


s: accounts of them, in the ancient dialect of Greece, gave them the


s: adopted the fable that they were born of one.


s: Hippodamia, the bride of Pirithoüs, which was followed by the


s: consequences here described by Ovid. The Centaurs are twice


s: mentioned in the Iliad as φῆρες, or ‘wild beasts,’ and once under


s: them as being of a twofold form, partly man, and partly horse. In


s: ‘Centaurs,’ as ‘Air-piercers,’ (from κεντεῖν τὴν αὔραν) not an


s: wedding. Mr. Keightley, in his ‘Mythology of Ancient Greece and


s: Italy,’ remarks that ‘it is certainly not a little strange that a


s: horsemanship to the Lapithæ, is unquestionably the more probable


s: one. The name Centaur, which so much resembles the Greek verb


s: κεντέω, ‘to spur,’ we fancy gave origin to the fiction. This


s: derivation of it is, however, rather dubious.’


s: After the battle here described, the Centaurs retreated to the


s: Neptune took them into his protection. Servius and Antimachus, as


s: voluptuous and debauched lives they led.


s: The fable of Cæneus, which Ovid has introduced, is perhaps simply


s: But the God who commands the waters of the sea with his trident,


s: great bravery, who had married a daughter of Priam.]


s: where he gained the sovereignty. He went to the Trojan war with


s: nine ships, to aid the Greeks, where he fell by the hand of


s: repetito munere Bacchi Surrexere toris.’ These words are thus


s: quaintly rendered in Clarke’s translation: ‘From listening to the


s: many of the cities of Asia, and was worshipped under this name,


s: in the Isle of Tenedos. He is said by Eustathius, to have been so


s: accounts, he received the epithet from the Cretan word σμίνθος,


s: Penthesilea, the Queen of the Amazons, who, aiding the Trojans


s: against the Greeks, was slain by Achilles. The battle-axe was the


s: the son of Atreus, grandson of Pelops, and great-grandson of


s: Periclymenus was the son of Neleus and Chloris, as we are told by


s: daughter of Salmoneus. Neleus married Chloris, the daughter of


s: after having instituted the Olympic games, marched into Messenia,


s: marriage. On the day appointed for the solemnity in the temple of


s: circumstances it had the name of Achillea.


s: After the death of Achilles, Ajax and Ulysses contend for his


s: The chiefs were seated; and a ring of the common people standing


s: cunning than he, but more unhappy for himself, discovered the


s: Dulichian head, beneath the helm of Achilles, sustain a weight so


s: “With these and other {words}, for which grief itself had made me


s: Thersites dares to launch out against the kings with impudent


s: “And that we may not be surprised at his pouring out on me the


s: reproaches of his silly tongue, against you, too, does he make


s: would Idomeneus, and Meriones sprung from the same land, and the


s: The body of the chiefs is moved, and {then}, in fact appears what


s: alleged exploits of Ulysses were altogether fictitious; or that


s: they were done in the dark to conceal his fear.]


s: exclusive of Jupiter; for Ajax was the grandson of Æacus, and the


s: ‘brother,’ but ‘cousin,’ as Peleus and Telamon, the fathers of


s: quantity of gold to be buried in the ground, under his tent. He


s: then caused the letter to be intercepted, and to be carried to


s: Agamemnon. On the appearance of Palamedes to answer the charge,


s: Ulysses appeared seemingly as his friend, and suggested, that if


s: no gold should be found in his possession, he must be innocent.


s: The gold, however, being found, Palamedes was stoned to death.]


s: war, he was wounded in the foot by one of the arrows; and the


s: quoted by Cicero, says that Philoctetes, while in Lemnos, made


s: himself clothing out of the feathers of birds.]


s: Philoctetes; death, in that of Palamedes.]


s: taken to flight. See the Iliad, Book iii.]


s: in the Iliad, which Homer puts in the mouth of Diomedes.]


s: occasion when some of the bravest of the Greeks drew lots which


s: should accept the challenge of Hector: the Greeks wishing,


s: according to Homer, that the lot might fall to Ajax Telamon, Ajax


s: Diomedes on the night on which he arrived, Iliad, Book x.]


s: after he was taken prisoner by Diomedes and Ulysses, his life was


s: succeeded to the throne of part of the kingdom of Chaonia.]


s: the Ionian Sea, near Ithaca, and part of the realms of Ulysses.]


s: been cut from the wood on Mount Pelion, and given by the Centaur


s: were banished for the murder of their brother Phocus.]


s: mother of Ulysses, was the daughter of Autolycus, of whom Mercury


s: Thessaly, where Peleus, the father of Achilles, was residing;


s: while Pyrrhus, his son, was living with his mother Deidamia,


s: in the isle of Scyros, one of the Cyclades.]


s: Achilles, being the son of Telamon, and the half-brother of Ajax;


s: Priam, always advocated peace with the Greeks; for which reason,


s: according to Livy, the Greeks did not treat him as an enemy.]


s: alludes to the trenches thrown up before the ships of the Greeks,


s: was sent to restore Chryseis to her father Chryses, the priest of


s: cowardly, and impudent of the Greeks, who, always abusing his


s: recent arrival of Rhesus, the son of either Mars or Strymon, and


s: Telamon meeting in single combat, neither was the conqueror; but


s: on parting they exchanged gifts, which were fatal to them both.


s: Hector was dragged round the walls of Troy by the belt which he


s: received from Ajax; while the latter committed suicide with the


s: sword which was given to him by Hector.]


s: Palladium, or statue of Minerva, which was destined to be the


s: guardian of the safety of Troy, so long as it was in the


s: here Ajax is nodding at, or pointing towards Diomedes, as having


s: was the leader of the Ætolians; he came with forty ships to the


s: Hector and Andromache. Ulysses threw him from the top of a high


s: tower, that none of the royal blood might survive.]


s: masterpiece of genius; both in the lively colours in which he has


s: The ancient writers are not agreed upon the question, who was the


s: Apollodorus, Plutarch, Tzetzes and others, allege that it was


s: Peribœa, the daughter of Alcathoüs, the son of Pelops. Pindar and


s: became invulnerable except in that spot of his body, which was


s: claim. They add, that the Grecian nobles, having adjudged it to


s: Ulysses, Ajax threatened to slay them, and was found dead in his


s: sword which he had received from Hector. This account has been


s: Aristophanes also adds, that Agamemnon, not satisfied with this


s: report, he decided in favour of Ulysses.


s: According to Pliny and Pausanias, Ajax was buried near the


s: promontory of Rhœtæum. Horace speaks of him as being denied the


s: honour of a funeral; but he evidently alludes to a passage in the


s: apparel, by Thetis, in the court of Lycomedes, her brother; for


s: easily prevailed with them that Achilles and Patroclus should


s: accompany them to the war. It was, however, at the court of


s: The story of Polydorus is related in the third Book of the Æneid,


s: distrusting the cruelty and avarice of Polymnestor, who was her


s: Electra to Polymnestor in marriage, on condition that he should


s: divorce Ilione, and slay Polydorus, and that Polymnestor, having


s: acceded to their proposal, unconsciously killed his own son


s: Deiphylus. Polydorus going to consult the oracle concerning his


s: deceived him; but returning to Thrace, his sister informed him of


s: In returning from Troy, the Greeks are stopped in Thrace by the


s: his tragedy of Hecuba, that a female servant, sent by Hecuba to


s: the Roman patricians. ‘Parentali perituræ Marte,’ is rendered by


s: Clarke, ‘to fall in the fight of parentation.’]


s: agree perfectly with the narratives of the ancient historians.


s: night, and stabbed herself at the tomb of Achilles. Philostratus


s: Other writers, agreeing with Ovid as to the manner of her death,


s: opinion, avers, on what ground it is difficult to conceive, that


s: places. Many of the poets, and Virgil in the number, affirm that


s: Polyxena was sacrificed in Phrygia, near Troy, on the tomb of


s: Achilles, he having desired it at his death; while Euripides says


s: sacrifice Polyxena, which was accordingly done by Pyrrhus.


s: Servius agree. Apollodorus, again, makes her to be descended from


s: which perhaps amounts to the same, as Æthiopia was not in general


s: perhaps formed an alliance with the reigning family of Troy.


s: daughters of Orion, who, having sacrificed their lives for the


s: {Trojans}, {as} Teucrians, derived their origin from the blood of


s: abodes, the kingdom of the deceitful Ulysses; and they behold


s: Ambracia, contended for in a dispute of the Deities, which now is


s: unavailing flames, with wings attached {to them}.


s: and an olive tree, which were pointed out by the people of Delos,


s: contrary to the usual practice; for if we credit Macrobius, no


s: favour of Venus; to which Goddess the dove was consecrated.]


s: Thebes, in Bœotia. Myla, before referred to, was a town of


s: here employed as the plural of a female name ‘Corona;’ in Greek


s: received their name from the Greek work στροφὴ, ‘a return,’


s: because Calais and Zethes pursued the Harpies, which persecuted


s: Cephalenia. It was in the Ionian Sea, and formed part of the


s: Epirus, which gave its name to the gulf of Ambracia.]


s: fleet of Antony and Cleopatra. He also instituted games, to be


s: celebrated there every fifth year in honour of his victory.]


s: Virgil describes Anius as the king of Delos, and the priest of


s: Apollo at the same time. ‘Rex Anius, rex idem hominum Phœbique


s: sacerdos.’ Æneid, Book III. He was descended from Cadmus, through


s: demands, they exacted the daughters of Anius as hostages. The


s: damsels soon afterwards finding means to escape, it was said that


s: Spermo, and Elaï, which, in the old Phœnician dialect, signified


s: In the reign of Orion, Thebes being devastated by a plague, the


s: sacrificed to the wrath of heaven. The two maidens immediately


s: The Poet follows Æneas on his voyage, to gain an opportunity of


s: decided in favour of Hercules, was changed. Ambracia was on the


s: authority of Nicander, that Apollo, Diana, and Hercules disputed


s: either because he met with his death near the promontory where a


s: temple of Apollo stood, or to show the stupidity of his decision.


s: upon an oak in Chaonia, and signified thereby to the inhabitants,


s: where a little chapel was founded by her in honour of Jupiter, in


s: Notwithstanding this plausible account of Herodotus, it is not


s: caused it to be asserted that a dove had founded the oracle of


s: Dodona. Bochart tells us that the same word, in the Phœnician


s: This oracle afterwards grew famous for its responses, and the


s: priests used considerable ingenuity in the delivery of their


s: answers. They cautiously kept all who came to consult them at a


s: distance from the dark recess where the shrine was situated; and


s: contrivance of the cauldrons; he says that in that part of the


s: forest of Dodona, where the oracle stood, there were two pillars


s: erected, at a small distance from each other. On one there was


s: mechanism, who held a brazen whip with several thongs which hung


s: Strabo says that the responses were originally given by three


s: always in the habit from that time of addressing the priests when


s: which, his blood is changed into a river which bears his name.


s: which afforded him the service of a staff, {but more} fitted for


s: ‘O Galatea, fairer than the leaf of the snow-white privet, more


s: people of the Island of Corcyra (now Corfu), who were so called


s: from Phæax, the son of Neptune. This island was famous for the


s: gardens of Alcinoüs, which are mentioned in the Odyssey. The


s: Corcyrans were the originators of the disastrous Peloponnesian


s: not far from Corcyra. It received its name from its founder.]


s: river of Calabria, in Italy. Symæthis was a stream of Sicily,


s: is, in some measure, imitated from that of the Cyclop, in the


s: Galatea had her name from her extreme fairness; γάλα being the


s: Greek word for milk. To this the Poet here alludes.]


s: represent Polyphemus as boasting of his good looks.]


s: however, more probable that this river was so called from the


s: rapidity of its course. Indeed, the scholiast on Theocritus and


s: Homer, in describing the Cyclops, informs us that they were a


s: lawless race, who, neglecting husbandry, lived on the spontaneous


s: themselves entirely to the pleasures of a pastoral life. He says


s: Bochart, they received their name. He supposes that the Cyclopes


s: circle,’ and ὤπς, ‘an eye,’ it was given out that the name of


s: Vulcan; and Virgil describes them as forging the thunderbolts of


s: Jupiter. Some writers represent them as having armed the three


s: little to his credit, and with impunity invented the absurdities


s: which he related concerning a country to which his audience were


s: influence of the grass on himself. Putting some of it into his


s: mouth, he immediately becomes mad, and leaping into the sea, is


s: “The thing is like a fiction (but of what use is it to me to coin


s: translated by Clarke, ‘Galatea gave over talking.’]


s: The ancient writers mention three persons of the name of Glaucus:


s: while other writers make him to have been the son of Phorbas, and


s: Athenæus says that he carried off Ariadne from the isle of Naxos,


s: Argonauts, when overtaken by a storm. From Apollonius Rhodius we


s: that in the battle which took place between Jason and the


s: Tyrrhenians, he was the only person that escaped unwounded.


s: Euripides, who is followed by Pausanias, says that he was the


s: interpreter of Nereus, and was skilled in prophecy; and Nicander


s: even says that it was from him that Apollo learned the art of


s: prediction. Strabo and Philostratus say that he was metamorphosed


s: Circe becomes enamoured of Glaucus, who complains to her of his


s: repulse by Scylla. She endeavours, without success, to make him


s: desert Scylla for herself. In revenge, she poisons the fountain


s: cause of shipwreck, which, confined by the two shores, bounds the


s: “Thou wilt more successfully court her who is willing, and who


s: There was a little bay, curving in {the shape of} a bent bow,


s: father of Circe, as the Poet has already related in his fourth


s: Book, betrayed the intrigues of Mars with Venus.]


s: ambage novorum’ is rendered by Clarke, ‘Darkened with a long


s: According to Hesiod, Circe was the daughter of the Sun and of the


s: authors represent her as the daughter of that monarch, and the


s: sister of Medea. Being acquainted with the properties of simples,


s: understood the properties of simples; and that their pretended


s: heard persons mention the expedition of Jason to Colchis, and


s: hearing the stories of Medea and Circe, he took occasion to say,


s: from the resemblance of their characters, that they were sisters.


s: According to some authors, Scylla was the daughter of Phorcys and


s: twelve feet, six long necks, and at the end of each a monstrous


s: Messina and Reggio there is a narrow strait, where high crags


s: Dido entertains Æneas in her palace, and falls in love with him.


s: Sirens, daughters of Acheloüs; and the ship, deprived of its


s: pilot, coasts along Inarime and Prochyta, and Pithecusæ,


s: Æneas instituted at the tomb of his father, in Sicily, are fully


s: described in the fifth Book of the Æneid.]


s: Palinurus, who, when asleep, fell overboard, and was drowned. See


s: The word ‘Inarime’ is thought to have been coined by Virgil, from


s: Ovid, Lucan, and others. Strabo tells us, that ‘aremus’ was the


s: or vessel, as there were many potteries there.]


s: been torn away from the isle of Inarime by an earthquake; for


s: which reason it received its name from the Greek verb προχέω,


s: beauty. She was afterwards married to her uncle Sicharbas, who is


s: which the known avarice of Pygmalion caused him to conceal in the


s: Having secured the cooperation of several of the discontented


s: Tyrians, she requested permission to visit Tyre, and to leave her


s: resentment. The officers embarking in her design, after they had


s: remonstrances of the priests, caused him to abandon his design.


s: Having arrived on the coast of Africa, Dido bargained with the


s: many thongs as enclosed ground sufficient to build a fort upon;


s: citadel mentioned by the Tyrian name of ‘Bostra,’ which had that


s: signification, and fancying, from its resemblance to their word


s: foundation of Carthage by at least two centuries. Ovid has also


s: driving her sister Anna into exile. In the Phœnician language the


s: Elisa only received that name after her death. Bochart has taken


s: considerable pains to prove that she was the aunt of Jezebel, the


s: The Poet then proceeds to say that Æneas saw the islands of the


s: Cercopians on his way, whom Jupiter had transformed into apes.


s: Æschines and Suidas say that there were two notorious robbers,


s: inhabitants of an island adjacent to Sicily, named Candulus and


s: Atlas, who committed outrages on all who approached the island.


s: Being about to insult Jupiter himself, he transformed them into


s: apes, from which circumstance the island received its name of


s: Apollo is enamoured of the Sibyl, and, to engage her affection,


s: offers her as many years as she can grasp grains of sand. She


s: The prophetess looks upon him, and, with heaving sighs, she says,


s: Neapolis, was called Parthenope from the Siren of that name, who


s: was said to have been the son of Æolus. From him the promontory


s: will of the Deities, as in the Æolian dialect, Σιὸς was ‘a God,’


s: and βουλὴ was the Greek for ‘will.’ According to other writers,


s: they were so called from Σίου βύλλη, ‘full of the Deity.’]


s: Avernian Juno, is a title sometimes given by the poets to


s: before the Nicene Council, quoted them, as redounding to the


s: Augustin, too, employs several of their alleged predictions to


s: enforce the truths of the Christian religion.


s: Sebastian Castalio has warmly maintained the truth of the oracles


s: works were ever promulgated for the perusal of the public, and


s: whether the verses which still exist under their name have any


s: There is no doubt but that in ancient times there existed certain


s: benefactors of mankind. Some mention but one Sibyl, who was born


s: either at Babylon or at Erythræ, in Phrygia. Diodorus Siculus


s: which Pausanias assigns them, were as follows:


s: The first and the most ancient was the Delphian, who lived before


s: annals. She is the Sibyl spoken of in the Æneid, and her name was


s: Phrygia. The tenth was the Tiburtine, who was called Albunea, and


s: Sibyls as being the same person; and to account for her prolonged


s: officers were appointed for the purpose of keeping the Sibylline


s: chest, beneath the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus. These Duumvirs


s: added, who thus formed the body called the Quindecimvirs.


s: contained the oracles of the Sibyls, and demanded a large sum for


s: Quindecimvirs. Augustus ordered a second revision of them; and,


s: The so-called collection of Sibylline verses which now exists is


s: generally looked upon as spurious; or if any part is genuine, it


s: condition, we have a right to consider that the Deities were very


s: them from the multitudes who, we are bound in charity to believe,


s: Macareus afterwards tells him how Ulysses had received winds from


s: No longer ragged in his clothing, {but} now his own {master}, and


s: “Thence,” said he, “we came to the ancient city of Lamus, the


s: been founded by a colony from Chalcis, in Eubœa.]


s: the nurse of Æneas, who was said to have been buried there by


s: Greeks all people but themselves were βαρβαροὶ.]


s: in contradistinction to the time when Macareus looked on himself


s: Book of the Odyssey, recounts how Ulysses, after having put out


s: the eye of Polyphemus, fled to his own ship, and when the Giant


s: this indiscreet action, the Cyclop was able to ascertain the


s: jam, jam mea viscera rebar In sua mersurum.’ Clarke thus renders


s: afterwards known as Formiæ, in Campania.]


s: were formerly called ‘Vulcaniæ,’ but were afterwards entitled


s: ‘Æoliæ,’ and are now known as the Lipari Islands. Homer mentions


s: Being considered as an authority on that subject, at a time when


s: navigation was so little reduced to an art, the poets readily


s: recommended, was caught in a violent tempest. It is possible that


s: Bochart suggests that the isle of Lipara was called by the


s: Phœnicians ‘Nibara,’ on account of its volcano, (that word


s: signifying ‘a torch,’) which name was afterwards corrupted to


s: Achæmenides lands in the isle of Circe, and is sent to her palace


s: fate of Elpenor, who afterwards, in a fit of intoxication, fell


s: and twenty-two others as the number, being one more than the


s: Book of the Odyssey, says that this plant had a black root, and a


s: Brachia sunt,’ Clarke has not a very lucid translation of these


s: words. His version is, ‘Brachia are put under our lacerti.’ The


s: ‘brachium’ was the forearm, or part, from the wrist to the elbow;


s: Ulysses having stayed some time at the court of Circe, where all


s: were immersed in luxury and indolence, begins to reflect on the


s: degraded state to which he is reduced, and resolutely abandons so


s: It is not improbable that Circe was the original from which the


s: Circe, being enamoured of Picus, and being unable to shake his


s: Janus. Soon as she was ripe with marriageable years, she was


s: Tiber was Albula. It was so called from the whiteness of its


s: Tiber, close to its own source, whence its present epithet.]


s: through the valleys of the country of the Sabines, received a


s: pleasant shade from the trees with which its banks were lined.]


s: the Goddess Diana, which, with her worship, Orestes was said to


s: have brought from the Tauric Chersonesus, and to have established


s: because he was thought to have come from Thessaly, and to have


s: ‘singing,’ being the present participle of the Latin verb ‘cano,’


s: supposed to tap the bark of the tree with his beak, to ascertain,


s: present Cadiz, at the mouth of the Bætis, now called the


s: Guadalquivir. Some suppose this name to be the same with the


s: When names occur in the ancient Mythology, of Oriental origin, we


s: Cygnus, and the Myrmidons; and where the names are of Latin


s: original, we may conclude that their stories originated in Italy:


s: transformed into that bird, and he was ranked among the Dii


s: Turnus having demanded succour from Diomedes against Æneas, the


s: threatening waves; and I wished that I had been one of them. My


s: “With such expressions does the Pleuronian Agmon provoke Venus


s: Faunus, which had declared that she was destined for a foreign


s: called Narycium and Naryce, was a city of Locris. He alludes to


s: the divine vengeance which punished Ajax Oïleus, who had ravished


s: were said to have been afflicted with shipwreck, on their return


s: Tristia, or Lament, Book I. El. 1. l. 83. and note.]


s: called Calydon, from the city of Calydon, in his native Ætolia.]


s: Liberalis, Daunus, Iapyx, and Peucetius, the sons of Lycaon, were


s: dispossess the intruder, he sought a retreat in Italy, where he


s: built the city of Argyripa, or Argos Hippium. Diomedes having


s: that Venus inflicted this punishment, in consequence of Diomedes


s: having wounded her at the siege of Troy. Of this story a confused


s: facilitated this story of their transformation. Pliny and Solinus


s: Turnus sets fire to the fleet of Æneas: but Cybele transforms the


s: Still keeping in mind the Phrygian catastrophe, they hated the


s: Pelasgians; and, with joyful countenances, they looked upon the


s: And now the merit of Æneas had obliged all the Deities, and Juno


s: ship in which to return to Ithaca. Neptune, to revenge the


s: injuries of his son Polyphemus, changed the ship into a rock.]


s: his History, seems to say that Æneas lost his life in a battle,


s: fought near the Numicius, a river of Latium. He is generally


s: word seems to be ‘native,’ or ‘indigenous;’ and it applies to a


s: person Deified, and considered as a tutelary Deity of his native


s: country. Most probably, it is derived from ‘in,’ or ‘indu,’ the


s: old Latin form of ‘in,’ and γείνω (for γίνομαι), ‘to be born.’


s: Some would derive the word from ‘in,’ negative, and ‘ago,’ to


s: speak, as signifying Deities, whose names were not be mentioned.]


s: It is asserted by some writers, that when the ships of Æneas were


s: flames; on which circumstance the story here related by Ovid was


s: Some of the ancient authors say, that after killing Turnus and


s: afterwards known by the name of Sylvius. His body not being found


s: translated him to heaven, and he was thenceforth honoured by the


s: Vertumnus, enamoured of Pomona, assumes several shapes for the


s: He, too, having bound his brows with a coloured cap, leaning on a


s: Ascanius was Iülus. Alba Longa was built by Ascanius.]


s: kings, as given by Ovid, Livy, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and


s: Eusebius, compared in the notes to the Translation of the Fasti,


s: (if there ever was such a person) and Tullus Hostilius may have


s: fallen victims to some electrical experiments which they were


s: making; this may have given rise to the story that they had been


s: struck with lightning for imitating the prerogative of Jupiter.]


s: by females, was a broad cloth band of various colours. The use of


s: this notion from the language of the Roman husbandmen. Columella


s: and other writers on agricultural matters often make mention of a


s: tradition, its meaning may have been, that in his taking various


s: forms, to please Pomona, the change of seasons requisite for


s: There was a market at Rome, near the temple of this God, who was


s: regarded as one of the tutelary Deities of the traders. Horace


s: alludes to his temple which was in the Vicus Tuscus, or Etrurian


s: Vertumnus relates to Pomona how Anaxarete was changed into a rock


s: hardhearted Anaxarete, whom now an avenging Deity pursued. Moved,


s: addressed Hersilia in the words enjoined. She, with a modest


s: home after the Trojan war, his father Telamon banished him, for


s: not having revenged the death of his brother Ajax, which was


s: imputed to Ulysses, as having been the occasion of it, by


s: depriving him of the armour of Achilles. Thus exiled, he fled to


s: Cyprus, where he founded the city of Salamis.]


s: its excellent steel; the goodness of which, Pliny attributes


s: partly to the superior quality of the ore, and partly to the


s: tomb or the funeral pile. Among the Greeks, the male relatives


s: walked in front of the body, preceded by the head mourners, while


s: relations walked behind the corpse; the males having their heads


s: veiled, and the females with their heads bare and hair


s: dishevelled, contrary to the usual practice of each sex.]


s: upper room, to look out into the street, as the apartments on the


s: apartments on the ground floor received their light from above,


s: and the smaller rooms there, usually derived their light from the


s: rediit: et anilia demit Instrumenta sibi.’ These words are thus


s: translated by Clarke: ‘He returned into a young fellow, and takes


s: occasionally went still further, and asserted that, from the


s: rapidity of the motion, it melted and disappeared altogether. See


s: the cushions, or couches, placed in the temples of the Gods, for


s: the use of the Divinities; which probably their priests (like


s: their brethren who administered to Bel) did not omit to enjoy. At


s: We are not informed that the story of Iphis, hanging himself for


s: love of Anaxarete, is based upon any actual occurrence, though


s: probably it was, as Salamis is mentioned as the scene of it. The


s: As Dionysius of Halicarnassus gives some account of these


s: commanded the guard, perceiving the golden bracelets which the


s: consternation was the consequence of his death; and the people


s: beginning to suspect that the senators had committed the crime,


s: Julius Proculus asserted that Romulus had appeared to him, and


s: assured him of the fact of his having been Deified. His speech on


s: divine honours as a God, under the name of Quirinus, one of the


s: epithets of Mars. He had a chief priest, who was called ‘Flamen


s: His wife, Hersilia, also had divine honours paid to her, jointly


s: Myscelos is warned, in a dream, to leave Argos, and to settle in


s: Italy. When on the point of departing, he is seized under a law


s: Hercules. To him, making the inquiry what founder it was that had


s: voyage, and, while his herd was straying along the soft pastures,


s: “He gives thanks to the parent, the son of Amphitryon, and with


s: favouring gales sails over the Ionian sea, and passes by the


s: promontory of Italy, not far from Crotona.]


s: stream of Calabria, which flowed into the sea, near the city of


s: Calabria, said to have been founded by Taras, the son of Neptune.


s: To the story here told of Micylus, or Myscelus, as most of the


s: having consulted the oracle, concerning the colony which he was